Introduction to XML

Hola...!
After long time, and now we meet again.
Today, we're gonna tell you a little bit about XML.

Before we start our leisure discussion, we wanna ask you a few simple and basic questions about XML. Don't worry if you get wrong. It is common thing for those who don't really familiar with XML.

1) Do you know what does XML stands for?
2) Do you know what does XML used for?
3) Is there any difference between XML and HTML?

Are you ready for the answers? Let us begin ;-)

1) What is XML?

Actually, XML stands for Extensible Markup Language (XML).
Extensible Markup Language (XML) is a markup language that defines a set of rules for encoding documents in a format that is both human-readable and machine-readable. The goal was to make it easy to transfer information across the internet in a simple manner.

2) What does XML is used for?

XML is used in many aspects of web development, often to simplify data storage and sharing.

• Separates data from HTML
• Simplifies data sharing
• Simplifies data transport
• Simplifies platform changes
• Makes your data more available
• Used to create new internet languages

3) What are the differences between XML and HTML?

XML	HTML
XML was designed to be a software and hardware independent tool used to transport and store data, with focus on what data is	HTML is used for designing a web-page to be rendered on the client side
XML is case sensitive	HTML is case insensitive
XML provides a framework for defining markup languages	HTML is a markup language itself
XML is neither a programming language nor a presentation language.	HTML is a presentation language
XML is flexible because the custom tags can be defined and the tags are invented by the author of the XML document	HTML has it own predefined tags
XML makes it mandatory for the user the close each tag that has been used	HTML is not strict if the user does not use the closing tags
XML is about carrying information,hence dynamic.	HTML is about displaying data,hence static

That's all for today, guys.
Hope that this information may help you :-)

If you wanna get any further information about XML, you may refer to this link: http://www.w3schools.com/xml/default.asp

History of Internet :D

Hey guys!
Today we would like to share abaout the 'History of internet'.
We hope that you guys will gain some knowledges and benefits from this entry :)

The Internet started in the 1960s as a way for government researchers to share information. Computers in the '60s were large and immobile and in order to make use of information stored in any one computer, one had to either travel to the site of the computer or have magnetic computer tapes sent through the conventional postal system. 

Another catalyst in the formation of the Internet was the heating up of the Cold War. The Soviet Union's launch of the Sputnik satellite spurred the U.S. Defense department to consider ways information could still be disseminated even after a nuclear attack. This eventually led to the formation of the ARPANET (Advanced Research Projects Agency Network), the network that ultimately evolved into what we now know as the Internet. ARPANET was a great success but membership was limited to certain academic and research organizations who had contracts with the Defense Department. In response to this, other networks were created to provide information sharing.

January 1, 1983 is considered the official birthday of the Internet. Prior to this, the various computer sharing did not have a standard way to communicate with each other. A new communications protocol was established called Transfer Control Protocol/Internetwork Protocol (TCP/IP). This allowed different kinds of computers on different networks to "talk" to each other. ARPANET and the Defense Data Network officially changed to the TCP/IP standard on January 1, 1983. All networks could now be connected by a universal language.

Year	Description
1945-1969 (From simple, But significant Ideas Bigger Ones Grow)	- We can access information using electronic computers - We do it reliably with 'bits' sending and receiving data - We can do it cheaply by using Digital circuits etched in silicon - We can accomplish a lot by having a vast network of computers to use for accessing information and exchanging ideas - Packet switching can be used to send digitized data through computer networks - Hypertext can be used to allow rapid access to text data - We will prove that packet switching works over WAN
1970s-1995	- We need a protocol for Efficient and Reliable transmission of Packets over a WAN: TCP/IP  - The ARPANET needs to convert to a standard protocol and be renamed to The Internet  - Computers connected via the internet can be used more easily if hypertext links are enabled using HTML and URL's its called World Wide Web (WWW) - The World Wide Web is easier to use if we have a browser to browse a web pages, running in a graphical user interface context.  - Great efficiencies can be accomplised if we used The Internet and World Wide Web to conduct business

For more info regarding the history of internet, u can visit these websites:

www.internetsociety.org
education.illinois.edu
www.computerhistory.org

Protein Data Bank (PDB)

PROTEIN DATA BANK (PDB)

What is PDB?

The Protein Data Bank (PDB) is a repository for the three-dimensional structural data of large biological molecules, such as proteins and nucleic acids.The Protein Data Bank (PDB) was established at Brookhaven National Laboratories (BNL) (1) in 1971 as an archive for biological macromolecular crystal structures.
The data, typically obtained by X-ray crystallography or NMR spectroscopy and submitted by biologists and biochemists from around the world, are freely accessible on the Internet via the website. The PDB is overseen by an organization called the Worldwide Protein Data Bank.

The PDB is a key resource in areas of structural biology, such as structural genomic.

What is RASMOL?

RASMOL is a sophisticated, yet user-friendly, molecular graphics program for viewing molecules. 

The program is provided as freeware, available for internet downloading, by Roger Sayle at the BioMolecular Structures Group of Glaxo Research & Development (UK). 

When the program is compiled for use by Microsoft Windows users, it is called RASWIN.

Molecules	Description
Neuraminidase	The influenza virus neuraminidase H274Y substitution is a highly prevalent amino acid substitution associated with resistance to the most heavily used influenza drug, oseltamivir.
ClpP	ClpP is a cylindrical protease that is tightly regulated by Clp-ATPases. The activation mechanism of ClpP using acyldepsipeptide antibiotics as mimics of natural activators showed enlargement of the axial entrance pore for easier processing of incoming substrates.
HtrA	Molecular chaperones and proteases monitor the folded state of other proteins. In addition to recognizing non-native conformations, these quality control factors distinguish substrates that can be refolded from those that need to be degraded.
Trypsin	The structure of form II crystals of bovine pancreatic trypsin inhibitor has been investigated by joint refinement of X-ray and neutron data.
Substilisin	Tk-subtilisin [the mature domain of Pro-Tk-subtilisin in active form (Gly70-Gly398)] from the hyperthermophilic archaeon Thermococcus kodakaraensis is matured from Pro-Tk-subtilisin [a subtilisin homologue from T. kodakaraensis in pro form (Gly1-Gly398)] upon autoprocessing and degradation of propeptide.

*To know further about this application, you may visit this provided link: RASWINManual

.Chemsketch user for the first time

Hye everybody!
Today we're gonna learn on how to use chemsketch.
First of all, we wanna tell you what is the function of chemsketch.
Chemsketch can be used to draw chemical structures, and to view them as three dimensional (3D) models. As chemists, this software is very helpful for them in order to complete their tasks for instance doing their lab reports, assignments and etc.

In this chemsketch, there are 2 mode that can be used :
1) structure-more on drawing the molecules
2) draw-more on text entering and editing

You can refer to this website to learn how to draw molecules using this chemsketch software.

Check out this chemsketch tutorial.
Check out this chemsketch.

HTML coding for dummies

1. How to create a table

To create a table, you cannot simply paste a table created from Microsoft words or open office. instead, you have to know the right html coding.

For example, to create a table with cellpadding :
<body>
<table>
<h4>with cellpadding:</h4>
<table border="1"
cellpadding="10">
<tr>
 <td>First</td>
 <td>Row</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
 <td>Second</td>
 <td>Row</td>
</tr>
</table>
</body>
Enter the following html coding on your text editor or notepad, and then save the file with a .html extension.


and the following table will appeared :

with cellpadding:

First	Row
Second	Row

Next, to create a table without cellpadding you can simply enter the following html coding:

<html>
<body>
<h4>without cellpadding:</h4>
<table border="1">
<tr>
 <td>First</td>
 <td>Row</td>
 </tr>
<tr>
 <td>Second</td>
 <td>Row</td>
 </tr>
</table>
</body>

and the following table will appeared :

without cellpadding:

First	Row
Second	Row

Next, 

 2. How to make a links


<a href="URL" target="_blank">TITLE</a>

simply enter the above html coding, by replacing the url with the url page that you want and replace the title with the name of the link. 

for example to directed user to go to facebook website :

<a href="http://www.facebook.com" target="_blank">Link to facebook</a>

and it will appeared as a short link and can be click on easily :

Link to facebook

3. How to put up image or moving image 

<html>
<body>
<p>
An image:
<img src="smiley.gif" alt="smiley face" 
width="32" height="32" />
</p>
</body>

OR

<html>
<body>
<p>
A moving image:
<img src="hackanm.gif" alt="Computer man"
width="48" height="48" />
</p>
</body>  

simply enter the above html coding but replace the smiley.gif or hackanm.gif with the image url that you want.



An image:

OR
A moving image:

Note that the syntax of inserting a moving image is no different from a non-moving image.

To understand html coding and on how to use it, you have to try and error. it is easy and simple. Goodluck!

For further understanding you can also visit to these websites :
www.w3schools.com
www.quackit.com

Concepts in Physics :)

Hello dear readers,
Welcome to our humble blog..
May you find anything interesting & beneficial here.

So topic for today is about introduction in physics.

We begin with the five basic quantities of physics.

1.1 List of basic quantities and their SI Units :-

Basic quantities	SI Unit
Mass	kilogram (kg)
Temperature	kelvin (K)
Time	second (s)
Length	meter (m)
Electric current	ampere (A)

Other quantities in physics can be derived fron these five basic quantities.
Example: Acceleration, velocity, area and etc.

1.2 Newton's Laws of Motion

Let's further our explanations on how Newton changed our understanding of the Universe by learning the Three Laws of Motion.

Newton's First Law of Motion:

I. Every object in a state of uniform motion tends to remain in that state of motion unless an external force is applied to it.

This we recognize as essentially Galileo's concept of inertia, and this is often termed simply the "Law of Inertia".

Newton's Second Law of Motion:

II. The relationship between an object's mass m, its acceleration a, and the applied force F is F = ma. Acceleration and force are vectors (as indicated by their symbols being displayed in slant bold font); in this law the direction of the force vector is the same as the direction of the acceleration vector. 

Newton's Third Law of Motion:

III. For every action there is an equal and opposite reaction.

Click this link below for further understanding on Newton's Laws of Motion:-

Newton's Laws of Motion